Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

This section is  adapted from the Anxiety and Depression Association of America website.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), which affects 6.8 million adults or 3.1 percent of the U.S. population, is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a number of different things.  Individuals with GAD find it difficult to control their worry.  They may worry more than seems warranted about actual events or may expect the worst even when there is no apparent reason for concern.

They anticipate disaster and may be overly concerned about money, health, family, work, or other issues. GAD is diagnosed when a person finds it difficult to control worry on more days than not for at least six months and has three or more additional symptoms:

  • restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
  • being easily fatigued
  • difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
  • irritability
  • muscle tension
  • sleep disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep, or restless, unsatisfying sleep)

Sometimes just the thought of getting through the day produces anxiety. They don’t know how to stop the worry cycle and feel it is beyond their control, even though they usually realize that their anxiety is more intense than the situation warrants.

GAD affects  3% of the U.S. population, yet only 43% are receiving treatment. Women are twice as likely to be affected as men.

The disorder comes on gradually and can begin across the life cycle, though the risk is highest between childhood and middle age. Although the exact cause of GAD is unknown, there is evidence that biological factors, family background, and life experiences, particularly stressful ones, play a role.

When their anxiety level is mild, people with GAD can function socially and occupationally. Although they may avoid some situations because they have the disorder, some people can have difficulty carrying out the simplest daily activities when their anxiety is severe.